Hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country located in Central Europe which shares its borders with Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the NE, Romania to the east, Croatia and Serbia to the south, and Austria and Slovenia to the west. The major river is the Danube with the Tisza the next largest. The land in the country is very fertile with plains to the east stretching from the River Danube to the Carpathian Mountains . The highest elevation is Kekes Mountain . Hungary joined the European Union in 2004.

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FCO Country Advice for Hungary
 

Hungary has a fascinating history with many struggles for power and domination of the country over the centuries. It was inhabited by the Magyars, who were horse-riding nomads from the Ural Mountains , in the eighth century. During this period of history they blended with Slavics and Huns and other tribes to become the Hungarians.

The population is comprised of approx. 98% Hungarians, with some Germans, Serbs, Slovaks and Romanians. The main language spoken is Magyar (Hungarian) although German and English are widely understood. The dominant religion is Roman Catholic with some Calvinists, Lutherans and others. Hungary has over 20 wine growing regions which produce over 400 varieties of wine.

Although Hungary is landlocked, it has the beautiful Lake Balaton which lies to the west of the country, and is a popular holiday destination with a lively nightlife. The lake is approx 50 miles long and has many resorts, especially on the northern shore. The shores to the south of the lake are lined with sandy beaches and the waters shallow and ideal for families. In summer the water temperature can reach 80F and is also believed to have healing properties. The area around the lake has many vineyards which produce wonderful wines as well as historic churches and fortresses. Sailing is also very popular on the lake as well as swimming and fishing and other water activities. A notable landmark on the Tihany Peninsula is the picturesque twin-towered church.

The lake at Heviz is heated volcanically up to 90F, and attracts visitors to bathe in its waters throughout the year - even during the winter months.

The capital and largest city, Budapest , is a beautiful city and cultural haven with its Baroque and Gothic architecture, monuments, museums, galleries, wide avenues, lovely parks, and lively nightlife. Other sizeable cities are Debrecen , Miskolc , Szeged and Pecs . Budapest is actually a city containing three united cities: Obuda, which is the oldest part with Roman ruins; Buda which is the western side of the Danube and known for the ancient Castle Hill area, and Pest which is the busy commercial centre and government district on the eastern bank of the Danube . A cruise on the River Danube is a must for visitors. Budapest has dozens of natural thermal springs and many spas and baths.

The medieval Castle Hill area of Buda with its winding streets is a wonderful place to start exploring Budapest on foot. The Royal Palace , which was a royal residence for many centuries, sits atop Castle Hill. The Palace now houses the Hungarian National Gallery, National Library and Historical Museum , which are well worth a visit. There is the Gothic Matthias Church which often hosts musical performances. From Gellert Hill there is a wonderful view of the River Danube.

The Obuda area of Budapest is the place for history lovers, with its interesting excavated Roman ruins, and its Main Square area with many bars, restaurants and museums.